不定式(to do)句法功能与考点
外研版必修第二册 Unit 3,选择性必修第一册 Unit 2~4 重点语法。
一、句法功能概览
- 作主语:To see is to believe.(常借用 it 作形式主语:It is important to study.)
- 作宾语:接不定式作宾语的动词:decide, plan, hope, expect, refuse, manage, afford, offer, promise。
- 作定语:置于名词之后,表示尚未发生的动作或目的。
- 修饰序数词、形容词最高级与 the only / last 后的名词。
- 作状语:
- 目的状语:He ran fast to catch the bus.
- 结果状语(出乎意料):He opened the door, only to find an empty room.
二、不定式符号 to 的省略
在使役动词(make, let, have)和感官动词(see, watch, hear, notice, feel)后作宾补时,不定式须省略 to:
- I saw him enter the building.
- 注意变被动语态时必须还原 to:He was seen to enter the building.