过去分词(-ed)句法功能与被动状态
外研版必修第三册 Unit 1~2 重点语法。
一、核心特征:被动与完成
过去分词在语义上强调动作的被动承受者或动作已完成:
- 作状语:
- Moved by the story, he could hardly hold back tears.(逻辑主语 he 被感动)
- Given another chance, we will achieve better results.(被给予机会)
- 作定语:
- 单个分词前置:polluted water, a retired teacher
- 分词短语后置:the letter written in ink
二、过去分词与现在分词被动态区别
done:强调动作已经完成的被动状态。- the building built last year
being done:强调动作正在被进行。- the building being built now
to be done:强调动作尚未发生、将要被执行。- the building to be built next year